Bentley Magnetic motors Limited (/ˈbɛntli/) is usually a British company that types, develops, and manufactures luxury motorcars that are largely hand-built. It is a part of Volkswagen AG. Now based in Crewe, England, Bentley Motors Limited had been founded by W. O. Bentley on 18 The month of january 1919 in Cricklewood, North London.Bentley cars are marketed via franchised dealers around the world, and as of Nov 2012, China was the biggest market.Most Bentley cars are assembled with the Crewe factory, but a small amount of Continental Flying Spurs are assembled on the factory in Dresden, Germany. Bodies for the Continental are manufactured in Zwickau, Germany.Bentley won the 1 day of Le Mans with 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, and 2003.
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Iconic Bentley models add some Bentley 4½ Litre, Bentley Speed Six, Bentley R Type Ls, Bentley Turbo R, and Bentley Arnage. As of 2015, Bentley produce the Ls Flying Spur, Continental GT, Bentley Bentayga and this Mulsanne.Rolls-Royce bought Bentley from the receivers in 1931 in addition to subsequently sold it to Vickers plc in 1980 as soon as Rolls-Royce themselves went broke. In 1998, Vickers sold it in order to Volkswagen AG. The sale included the auto designs, model nameplates, production and administrative services, the Spirit of Fervor and Rolls-Royce grille shape trademarks, but not the rights to the Rolls-Royce name or logo that are owned by Rolls-Royce Holdings plc in addition to were licensed to BMW AG.Before World War We, Walter Owen Bentley, and his brother, Horace Millner Bentley, sold French DFP autos in Cricklewood, North London, but W. O, as Walter was acknowledged, always wanted to design and build their own cars. At the DFP manufacturer, in 1913, he noticed an aluminium paperweight and thought that aluminum might be a suitable replacement with regard to cast iron to fabricate brighter pistons. The first Bentley aluminum pistons were fitted to Sopwith Camel aero applications during World War When i.In August 1919, W. O. registered Bentley Motors Ltd. and in October he exhibited a vehicle chassis, with dummy engine, at the London Electric motor Show. Ex-Royal Flying Corps policeman, Clive Gallop, designed an innovative four valves per cylinder engine to the chassis. By December the engine was built and working. Delivery of the very first cars was scheduled with regard to June 1920, but development took longer than estimated so the date was extended for you to September 1921. The durability of the very first Bentley cars earned widespread acclaim plus they competed in hill climbs as well as raced at Brooklands.Bentley's first major celebration was the 1922 Indiana 500, a race, dominated by specialized cars with Duesenberg racing framework. They entered a improved road car driven by means of works driver, Douglas Hawkes, accompanied by riding repair shop, H. S. "Bertie" Browning. Hawkes completed the total 500 miles and finished 13th having an average speed of 74. 95 mph after beginning in 19th position. The team was then rushed time for England to compete inside the 1922 RAC Tourist Trophy.Chief Woolf BarnatoIn ironic reference to help his heavyweight boxer's visibility, Captain Woolf Barnato seemed to be nicknamed "Babe". In 1925, he acquired his 1st Bentley, a 3-litre. With this car he / she won numerous Brooklands contests. Just a year in the future he acquired the Bentley company itself.The Bentley enterprise seemed to be always underfunded, but inspired by this 1924 Le Mans earn by John Duff and Frank Clement, Barnato agreed to financing Bentley's business. Barnato had incorporated Baromans Ltd inside 1922, which existed as their finance and investment vehicle. Via Baromans, Barnato initially invested in excess of £100, 000, saving the business and its workforce. A financial reorganisation in the original Bentley company was executed and all existing creditors paid back for £75, 000. Existing shares were devalued coming from £1 each to only 1 shilling, or 5% or the original value. Barnato held 149, 500 of the fresh shares giving him control with the company and he grew to be chairman. Barnato injected further cash into the business: £35, 000 secured by debenture throughout July 1927; £40, 000 in 1928; £25, 000 in 1929. With renewed financial insight, W. O. Bentley was able to style another generation of autos.
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The Bentley Boys were a group of British motoring enthusiasts in which included Woolf Barnato, Sir Henry "Tim" Birkin, steeple chaser George Duller, aviator Glen Kidston, automotive journalist S. C. H. "Sammy" Davis, and Dr Dudley Benjafield. The Bentley Boys, favored Bentley cars. Many were independently wealthy and infrequently had a military history. They kept the marque's reputation for powerful alive; Bentley was noted to its four consecutive victories in the 24 Hours of The Mans from 1927 for you to 1930.In 1929, Tim Birkin developed the actual 4½ litre, lightweight Blower Bentley with Welwyn Garden City and produced five racing specials, starting with Bentley Blowing apparatus No. 1 which was optimised to the Brooklands racing circuit. Birkin overruled W. O. and put the model out there before it was fully developed. As a result, it was unreliable.
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Inside March 1930, during the Blue Educate Races, Woolf Barnato raised your stakes on Rover and it is Rover Light Six, having raced and outdone Le Train Bleu for initially, to better that record together with his 6½-litre Bentley Speed Six with a bet of £100. He drove against the train from Cannes in order to Calais, then by ferry in order to Dover, and finally London, travelling on public highways, and won.
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Barnato went his H. J. Mulliner-bodied formal saloon from the race against the Orange Train. Two months later, on 21 May 1930, he took delivery of an Speed Six with sleek fastback "Sportsman Coupé" by means of Gurney Nutting. Both cars became known as the "Blue Train Bentleys"; the latter is regularly mistaken for, or erroneously referred to as being, the car that raced the Blue Train, while in fact Barnato branded it in memory of his race. [19][20] A painting by simply Terence Cuneo depicts the Gurney Nutting coupé sporting along a road parallel to the Blue Train, which scenario never occurred because road and railway failed to follow the same way.
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Audi A is really a German automobile manufacturer in which designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes high-class vehicles. Audi oversees worldwide functions from its headquarters with Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany. Audi-branded vehicles are manufactured in nine production facilities worldwide.The origins of this company are complex, going back to early 20th century and the first enterprises founded by professional August Horch; and two other companies, leading to the base of Auto Union with 1932. The modern era involving Audi essentially began inside the 1960s when Auto Marriage was acquired by Volkswagen via Daimler-Benz. After relaunching the Audi brand while using the 1965 introduction of the Audi F103 series, Volkswagen merged Auto Marriage with NSU Motorenwerke within 1969, thus creating the current day form of the firm.The company name will depend on the Latin translation from the surname of the founder, August Horch. "Horch", meaning "listen" in A language like german, becomes "audi" in Latin. The four rings from the Audi logo each represent among four car companies that banded together to create Audi's predecessor company, Auto Union. Audi's slogan is Vorsprung durch Technik, meaning "Advancement through Technology". However, since 2007 Audi UNITED STATES has used the commercial "Truth in Engineering". Audi is among the particular best-selling luxury automobiles in the world.
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With 14 November 1899, August Horch (1868-1951) established the corporation A. Horch & Cie. in the Ehrenfeld center of Cologne. Three years later with 1902 he moved along with his company to Reichenbach im Vogtland. On May, 10th, 1904 he founded your August Horch & Cie. Motorwagenwerke AG, a joint-stock company inside Zwickau (State involving Saxony).After troubles with Horch fundamental financial officer, August Horch left Motorwagenwerke as well as founded in Zwickau with 16 July 1909, his second company, the August Horch Automobilwerke GmbH. His former partners sued them for trademark infringement. The German Reichsgericht (Best Court) in Leipzig, eventually determined that the actual Horch brand belonged for you to his former company.Audi Type ESince August Horch ended up being banned from using "Horch" as being a trade name in his new car business, he called a meeting with close business friends, Paul and Franz Fikentscher by Zwickau, Germany. At the apartment regarding Franz Fikentscher, they discussed how to get a new name for that company. During this meeting, Franz's son was quietly studying Latin inside a corner of the bedroom. Several times he looked like he was on this verge of saying something but would just consume his words and proceed working, until he finally blurted out, "Father - audiatur et altera pars... wouldn't it be recommended that you call it audi rather then horch? " "Horch! " in German means "Hark! " or "hear", which is "Audi" in the singular imperative form of "audire" - "to listen" - throughout Latin. The idea was graciously accepted by everyone participating the meeting. On 25 April 1910 this Audi Automobilwerke GmbH Zwickau (through 1915 on Audiwerke AG Zwickau) was entered within the company's register of Zwickau signing up court.The first Audi vehicle, the Audi Type Any 10/22 hp (07 kW) Sport-Phaeton, was produced in exactly the same year, followed by the heir Type B 10/28PS in the same year.Audi started with any 2, 612 cc inline-four serps model Type A, followed by a 3, 564 cc model, as well as 5, 680 cc and 5, 720 cc models. These cars were successful even in sporting events. The first six-cylinder design Type M, 4, 655 cc appeared within 1924.
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September Horch left the Audiwerke in 1920 for the high position at the particular ministry of transport, but he was still a part of Audi as a member of the board of trustees. In September 1921, Audi became the primary German car manufacturer presenting a production car, the Audi Type Nited kingdom, with left-handed drive. Left-hand drive spread and established dominance during the 1920s because it provided a much better view of oncoming targeted visitors, making overtaking safer.The merger of the four companies beneath the logo of four wedding ringsIn August 1928, Jørgen Rasmussen, the owner of Dampf-Kraft-Wagen (DKW), acquired the majority regarding shares in Audiwerke AG. In the same calendar year, Rasmussen bought the remains on the U. S. automobile manufacturer Rickenbacker, including the manufacturing gear for eight-cylinder engines. These engines were found in Audi Zwickau and Audi Dresden models that were launched in 1929. At the same occasion, six-cylinder and four-cylinder (the "four" having a Peugeot engine) versions were manufactured. Audi cars of which era were luxurious cars built with special bodywork.In 1932, Audi merged with Horch, DKW, and Wanderer, to form Auto Marriage AG, Chemnitz. It was during this period that the company provided the Audi Front that became the 1st European car to mix a six-cylinder engine with front-wheel drive. It used a powertrain distributed to the Wanderer, but turned 180-degrees, so that the drive shaft faced the top.Before World War II, Auto Union used the four interlinked rings that define the Audi badge currently, representing these four brand names. This badge was used, however, only on Auto Union racing cars in this period while the member companies used their unique names and emblems. The technological development became a growing number of concentrated and some Audi products were propelled by Horch or Wanderer built engines.
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Sending the economic pressures almost daily, Auto Union concentrated significantly on smaller cars with the 1930s, so that by 1938 send out DKW brand accounted with regard to 17. 9% of the In german car market, while Audi held merely 0. 1%. After the final few Audis were delivered throughout 1939 the "Audi" name disappeared completely through the new car market for more than two decades.Post-World War IIIFA F9Like most German creation, at the onset involving World War II the actual Auto Union plants have been retooled for military generation, and were a focus on for allied bombing in the war which left these people damaged.Overrun by the Soviet Affiliate marketer in 1945, on the orders on the Soviet Union military management the factories were dismantled in war reparations. Following this, the company's entire assets were expropriated without reimbursement. On 17 August 1948, Auto Union AG involving Chemnitz was deleted on the commercial register. These actions had the issue of liquidating Germany's Automotive Union AG. The remains of this Audi plant of Zwickau grew to become the VEB Automobilwerk Zwickau or AWZ (in British: Automobile Works Zwickau).
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Without prospect of continuing creation in Soviet controlled East Germany, Auto Union executives began the process of relocating what was left from the company to West Malaysia. A site was targeted in Ingolstadt, Bavaria to start an extra parts operation in past due 1945, which would eventually serve as the headquarters of the reformed Auto Union in 1949.The former Audi factory in Zwickau restarted assembly on the pre-war-models in 1949. These DKW models were renamed to IFA F8 not to mention IFA F9 and were just like West German versions. West and East German models were equipped with the traditional and legendary DKW two-stroke engines. The Zwickau plant created the infamous Trabant until eventually 1991, when it came less than Volkswagen control-effectively bringing it under the same umbrella as Audi given that 1945.
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