Audi A is usually a German automobile manufacturer that will designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes extravagance vehicles. Audi oversees worldwide procedures from its headquarters within Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany. Audi-branded vehicles are manufactured in nine production facilities globally.The origins of this company are complex, going back to their early 20th century and the first enterprises founded by industrial engineer August Horch; and two other companies, leading to the base of Auto Union in 1932. The modern era regarding Audi essentially began inside the 1960s when Auto Unification was acquired by Volkswagen through Daimler-Benz. After relaunching the Audi brand while using the 1965 introduction of the particular Audi F103 series, Volkswagen merged Auto Unification with NSU Motorenwerke inside 1969, thus creating the modern form of the business.The company name is based on the Latin translation of the surname of the originator, August Horch. "Horch", meaning "listen" in A language like german, becomes "audi" in Latina. The four rings on the Audi logo each represent considered one of four car companies that banded together to create Audi's predecessor company, Auto Union. Audi's slogan is Vorsprung durch Technik, meaning "Advancement through Technology". However, since 2007 Audi STATES has used the motto "Truth in Engineering". Audi is among your best-selling luxury automobiles on this planet.
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On 14 November 1899, August Horch (1868-1951) established the business A. Horch & Cie. in the Ehrenfeld district of Cologne. Three years later throughout 1902 he moved in reference to his company to Reichenbach im Vogtland. On May, 10th, 1904 he founded the August Horch & Cie. Motorwagenwerke AG, a joint-stock company inside Zwickau (State associated with Saxony).After troubles with Horch primary financial officer, August Horch left Motorwagenwerke as well as founded in Zwickau on 16 July 1909, his second company, the August Horch Automobilwerke GmbH. His former partners sued your ex for trademark infringement. The German Reichsgericht (Substantial Court) in Leipzig, eventually determined that the actual Horch brand belonged for you to his former company.Audi Type ESince August Horch ended up being banned from using "Horch" like a trade name in his / her new car business, he called a ending up in close business friends, Paul and Franz Fikentscher coming from Zwickau, Germany. At the apartment associated with Franz Fikentscher, they discussed how to come up with a new name for that company. During this meeting, Franz's son was quietly studying Latin in a corner of the space. Several times he looks like he was on the particular verge of saying one thing but would just ingest his words and keep on working, until he finally blurted away, "Father - audiatur et altera pars... wouldn't it be recommended that you call it audi instead of horch? " "Horch! " in German indicates "Hark! " or "hear", which is "Audi" in the singular imperative form regarding "audire" - "to listen" - inside Latin. The idea was enthusiastically accepted by everyone attending the meeting. On 25 April 1910 the Audi Automobilwerke GmbH Zwickau (by 1915 on Audiwerke AG Zwickau) was entered from the company's register of Zwickau subscription court.The first Audi car, the Audi Type A new 10/22 hp (04 kW) Sport-Phaeton, was produced in exactly the same year, followed by the successor Type B 10/28PS within the same year.Audi started with a new 2, 612 cc inline-four serp model Type A, followed by a 3, 564 cc model, as well as several, 680 cc and 5, 720 cc models. These cars were successful even in sporting events. The first six-cylinder model Type M, 4, 655 cc appeared inside 1924.
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July Horch left the Audiwerke in 1920 for just a high position at the particular ministry of transport, but he was still linked to Audi as a member of the board of trustees. In September 1921, Audi became the 1st German car manufacturer presenting a production car, the Audi Type K, with left-handed drive. Left-hand drive spread and established dominance during the 1920s because it provided a better view of oncoming visitors, making overtaking safer.The merger of the four companies beneath logo of four ringsIn August 1928, Jørgen Rasmussen, the owner of Dampf-Kraft-Wagen (DKW), acquired the majority of shares in Audiwerke AG. In the same yr, Rasmussen bought the remains with the U. S. automobile manufacturer Rickenbacker, including the manufacturing gear for eight-cylinder engines. These engines were utilised in Audi Zwickau and Audi Dresden models that have been launched in 1929. At the same period, six-cylinder and four-cylinder (the "four" using a Peugeot engine) models were manufactured. Audi cars of that era were luxurious cars built with special bodywork.In 1932, Audi merged with Horch, DKW, and Wanderer, to form Auto Partnership AG, Chemnitz. It was during this era that the company offered the Audi Front that became the 1st European car to mix a six-cylinder engine using front-wheel drive. It used a powertrain shared with the Wanderer, but turned 180-degrees, so that the drive shaft faced the top.Before World War II, Auto Union used the particular four interlinked rings that comprise the Audi badge today, representing these four makes. This badge was utilised, however, only on Auto Union racing cars in this period while the member companies used his or her names and emblems. The technological development became increasingly more concentrated and some Audi models were propelled by Horch as well as Wanderer built engines.
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Exhibiting the economic pressures of times, Auto Union concentrated increasingly on smaller cars with the 1930s, so that by 1938 the business's DKW brand accounted for 17. 9% of the German born car market, while Audi held solely 0. 1%. After the final several Audis were delivered within 1939 the "Audi" name disappeared completely through the new car market for more than two decades.Post-World War IIIFA F9Like most German creation, at the onset involving World War II the particular Auto Union plants ended up retooled for military output, and were a concentrate on for allied bombing over the war which left these individuals damaged.Overrun by the Soviet Army in 1945, on the orders from the Soviet Union military management the factories were dismantled in war reparations. Following this, the company's entire assets were expropriated without reimbursement. On 17 August 1948, Auto Union AG associated with Chemnitz was deleted on the commercial register. These actions had the effects of liquidating Germany's Vehicle Union AG. The remains of the Audi plant of Zwickau grew to become the VEB Automobilwerk Zwickau or perhaps AWZ (in British: Automobile Works Zwickau).
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Without prospect of continuing production in Soviet controlled Eastern side Germany, Auto Union executives began the task of relocating what was left from the company to West Malaysia. A site was picked out in Ingolstadt, Bavaria to start an extra parts operation in tardy 1945, which would eventually serve as the headquarters of the reformed Motor vehicle Union in 1949.The former Audi manufacturing unit in Zwickau restarted assembly from the pre-war-models in 1949. These DKW models were renamed to IFA F8 and even IFA F9 and were exactly like the West German versions. West and East German models were built with the traditional and celebrated DKW two-stroke engines. The Zwickau plant manufactured the infamous Trabant until 1991, when it came using Volkswagen control-effectively bringing it in the same umbrella as Audi considering that 1945.
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Bentley Engines Limited (/ˈbɛntli/) is a British company that types, develops, and manufactures luxury motorcars which might be largely hand-built. It is a part of Volkswagen AG. Now based in Crewe, England, Bentley Motors Limited ended up being founded by W. O. Bentley on 18 Present cards 1919 in Cricklewood, North London.Bentley cars are distributed via franchised dealers throughout the world, and as of Nov 2012, China was the greatest market.Most Bentley cars are assembled with the Crewe factory, but a small number of Continental Flying Spurs are assembled in the factory in Dresden, Germany. Bodies for the Continental are manufactured in Zwickau, Germany.Bentley won the a day of Le Mans throughout 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, and 2003.
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Iconic Bentley models are the Bentley 4½ Litre, Bentley Speed Six, Bentley R Type Continental, Bentley Turbo R, and Bentley Arnage. As of 2015, Bentley produce the Continental Flying Spur, Continental GT, Bentley Bentayga and this Mulsanne.Rolls-Royce bought Bentley from your receivers in 1931 as well as subsequently sold it to help Vickers plc in 1980 any time Rolls-Royce themselves went broke. In 1998, Vickers sold it in order to Volkswagen AG. The sale included the auto designs, model nameplates, production and administrative facilities, the Spirit of Fervor and Rolls-Royce grille form trademarks, but not the rights towards the Rolls-Royce name or logo which can be owned by Rolls-Royce Holdings plc along with were licensed to BMW AG.Before World War My spouse and i, Walter Owen Bentley, and his brother, Horace Millner Bentley, sold French DFP vehicles in Cricklewood, North London, but W. O, as Walter was acknowledged, always wanted to design and build his own cars. At the DFP manufacturing area, in 1913, he noticed an lightweight aluminum paperweight and thought that aluminum could possibly be a suitable replacement regarding cast iron to fabricate light pistons. The first Bentley aluminum pistons were fitted to Sopwith Camel aero motors during World War My partner and i.In August 1919, W. O. registered Bentley Motors Ltd. and in October he exhibited an automobile chassis, with dummy engine, at the London Engine Show. Ex-Royal Flying Corps police officer, Clive Gallop, designed an innovative four valves per cylinder engine with the chassis. By December the serp was built and running. Delivery of the initial cars was scheduled for June 1920, but development took longer than estimated and so the date was extended for you to September 1921. The durability of the very first Bentley cars earned widespread acclaim and in addition they competed in hill climbs in addition to raced at Brooklands.Bentley's first major function was the 1922 Indianapolis 500, a race, dominated by specialized automobiles with Duesenberg racing framework. They entered a modified road car driven by simply works driver, Douglas Hawkes, accompanied by riding repair shop, H. S. "Bertie" Browning. Hawkes completed the total 500 miles and finished 13th through an average speed of 74. 95 mph after beginning in 19th position. The team was then rushed here we are at England to compete inside the 1922 RAC Tourist Trophy.Chief Woolf BarnatoIn ironic reference to be able to his heavyweight boxer's prominence, Captain Woolf Barnato had been nicknamed "Babe". In 1925, he acquired his very first Bentley, a 3-litre. With this car this individual won numerous Brooklands backgrounds. Just a year later he acquired the Bentley business itself.The Bentley enterprise had been always underfunded, but inspired by the actual 1924 Le Mans win by John Duff as well as Frank Clement, Barnato agreed to fund Bentley's business. Barnato had incorporated Baromans Ltd throughout 1922, which existed as his / her finance and investment car or truck. Via Baromans, Barnato initially invested much more than £100, 000, saving the business and its workforce. A financial reorganisation with the original Bentley company was accomplished and all existing creditors payed off for £75, 000. Existing shares were devalued from £1 each to only 1 shilling, or 5% or their own original value. Barnato held 149, 500 of the brand new shares giving him control on the company and he became chairman. Barnato injected further cash into your business: £35, 000 secured by debenture throughout July 1927; £40, 000 in 1928; £25, 000 in 1929. With renewed financial suggestions, W. O. Bentley was able to create another generation of cars and trucks.
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Your Bentley Boys were several British motoring enthusiasts in which included Woolf Barnato, Sir Henry "Tim" Birkin, steeple chaser George Duller, aviator Glen Kidston, automotive journalist S. C. H. "Sammy" Davis, and Dr Dudley Benjafield. The Bentley Boys, favored Bentley cars. Many were independently wealthy and frequently had a military backdrop. They kept the marque's reputation for high performance alive; Bentley was noted for the four consecutive victories in the 24 Hours of Le Mans from 1927 in order to 1930.In 1929, Tim Birkin developed the actual 4½ litre, lightweight Blower Bentley from Welwyn Garden City as well as produced five racing special offers, starting with Bentley Motorized inflator No. 1 which was optimised with the Brooklands racing circuit. Birkin overruled W. O. and put the model in the marketplace before it was completely developed. As a result, it was unreliable.
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Within March 1930, during the Blue Train Races, Woolf Barnato raised the stakes on Rover and Rover Light Six, having raced and beaten Le Train Bleu for the first time, to better that record regarding his 6½-litre Bentley Speed Six on a bet of £100. He drove against the particular train from Cannes in order to Calais, then by ferry for you to Dover, and finally London, travelling on public highways, and won.
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Barnato driven his H. J. Mulliner-bodied formal saloon within the race against the Azure Train. Two months later, on 21 May 1930, he took delivery of an Speed Six with efficient fastback "Sportsman Coupé" through Gurney Nutting. Both cars became often known as the "Blue Train Bentleys"; the latter is routinely mistaken for, or erroneously referred to as being, the car that raced the Blue Train, while in fact Barnato branded it in memory regarding his race. [19][20] A painting by means of Terence Cuneo depicts this Gurney Nutting coupé rushing along a road parallel towards Blue Train, which scenario never occurred because the road and railway did not follow the same way.
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Bentley Engines Limited (/ˈbɛntli/) is a British company that designs, develops, and manufactures luxury motorcars which might be largely hand-built. It is a subsidiary of Volkswagen AG. Now based in Crewe, England, Bentley Motors Limited was founded by W. O. Bentley on 18 Economy is shown 1919 in Cricklewood, North London.Bentley cars are available via franchised dealers globally, and as of November 2012, China was the biggest market.Most Bentley cars are assembled for the Crewe factory, but a small amount of Continental Flying Spurs are assembled on the factory in Dresden, Germany. Bodies for the Continental are produced in Zwickau, Germany.Bentley won the 24 hours of Le Mans with 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, and 2003.
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Iconic Bentley models are the Bentley 4½ Litre, Bentley Speed Six, Bentley R Type Continental, Bentley Turbo R, and Bentley Arnage. As of 2015, Bentley produce the Continental Flying Spur, Continental GT, Bentley Bentayga and the actual Mulsanne.Rolls-Royce bought Bentley from the receivers in 1931 as well as subsequently sold it for you to Vickers plc in 1980 any time Rolls-Royce themselves went bankrupt. In 1998, Vickers sold it in order to Volkswagen AG. The sale included the auto designs, model nameplates, production and administrative amenities, the Spirit of Fervor and Rolls-Royce grille appearance trademarks, but not the rights towards the Rolls-Royce name or logo that are owned by Rolls-Royce Holdings plc along with were licensed to BMW AG.Before World War My spouse and i, Walter Owen Bentley, and his brother, Horace Millner Bentley, sold French DFP autos in Cricklewood, North London, but W. O, as Walter was recognized, always wanted to design and build his very own cars. At the DFP manufacturing facility, in 1913, he noticed an aluminium paperweight and thought that aluminum could be a suitable replacement with regard to cast iron to fabricate light pistons. The first Bentley aluminum pistons were fitted to Sopwith Camel aero motors during World War When i.In August 1919, W. O. registered Bentley Motors Ltd. and in October he exhibited an automobile chassis, with dummy engine, at the London Electric motor Show. Ex-Royal Flying Corps specialist, Clive Gallop, designed an innovative 4 valves per cylinder engine with the chassis. By December the powerplant was built and working. Delivery of the first cars was scheduled pertaining to June 1920, but development took longer than estimated so the date was extended to help September 1921. The durability of the very first Bentley cars earned widespread acclaim and they competed in hill climbs along with raced at Brooklands.Bentley's first major function was the 1922 Indianapolis 500, a race, dominated by specialized cars and trucks with Duesenberg racing framework. They entered a improved road car driven by simply works driver, Douglas Hawkes, accompanied by riding technician, H. S. "Bertie" Browning. Hawkes completed the total 500 miles and finished 13th through an average speed of 74. 95 mph after starting in 19th position. The team was then rushed to England to compete within the 1922 RAC Tourist Trophy.Captain Woolf BarnatoIn ironic reference to be able to his heavyweight boxer's stature, Captain Woolf Barnato was nicknamed "Babe". In 1925, he acquired his first Bentley, a 3-litre. With this car they won numerous Brooklands races. Just a year later on he acquired the Bentley organization itself.The Bentley enterprise had been always underfunded, but inspired by the 1924 Le Mans acquire by John Duff and also Frank Clement, Barnato agreed to financial Bentley's business. Barnato had incorporated Baromans Ltd with 1922, which existed as the finance and investment auto. Via Baromans, Barnato initially invested over £100, 000, saving the business and its workforce. A financial reorganisation on the original Bentley company was completed and all existing creditors paid for £75, 000. Existing shares were devalued coming from £1 each to only 1 shilling, or 5% or their particular original value. Barnato held 149, 500 of the completely new shares giving him control from the company and he became chairman. Barnato injected further cash to the business: £35, 000 secured by debenture throughout July 1927; £40, 000 in 1928; £25, 000 in 1929. With renewed financial enter, W. O. Bentley was able to develop another generation of automobiles.
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The particular Bentley Boys were a group of British motoring enthusiasts of which included Woolf Barnato, Sir Henry "Tim" Birkin, steeple chaser George Duller, aviator Glen Kidston, automotive journalist S. C. H. "Sammy" Davis, and Dr Dudley Benjafield. The Bentley Boys, favored Bentley cars. Many were independently wealthy and frequently had a military track record. They kept the marque's reputation for top rated alive; Bentley was noted for its four consecutive victories in the 24 Hours of Le Mans from 1927 to help 1930.In 1929, Tim Birkin developed the 4½ litre, lightweight Blower Bentley on Welwyn Garden City and produced five racing packages, starting with Bentley Motorized inflator No. 1 which was optimised for that Brooklands racing circuit. Birkin overruled W. O. and put the model out there before it was thoroughly developed. As a result, it was unreliable.
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Throughout March 1930, during the Blue Coach Races, Woolf Barnato raised this stakes on Rover and its Rover Light Six, having raced and beaten Le Train Bleu for the first time, to better that record regarding his 6½-litre Bentley Speed Six on a bet of £100. He drove against the train from Cannes for you to Calais, then by ferry to be able to Dover, and finally London, travelling on public motorways, and won.
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Barnato had his H. J. Mulliner-bodied formal saloon from the race against the Blue Train. Two months later, on 21 May 1930, he took delivery of the Speed Six with more efficient fastback "Sportsman Coupé" through Gurney Nutting. Both cars became generally known as the "Blue Train Bentleys"; the latter is regularly mistaken for, or erroneously referred to to be, the car that competed the Blue Train, while in fact Barnato branded it in memory associated with his race. [19][20] A painting through Terence Cuneo depicts the particular Gurney Nutting coupé auto racing along a road parallel on the Blue Train, which scenario never occurred for the reason that road and railway would not follow the same course.
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