Bentley Generators Limited (/ˈbɛntli/) is a British company that styles, develops, and manufactures luxury motorcars which can be largely hand-built. It is a part of Volkswagen AG. Now based in Crewe, England, Bentley Motors Limited ended up being founded by W. O. Bentley on 18 The month of january 1919 in Cricklewood, North London.Bentley cars are available via franchised dealers globally, and as of The fall of 2012, China was the major market.Most Bentley cars are assembled on the Crewe factory, but a small amount of Continental Flying Spurs are assembled in the factory in Dresden, Germany. Bodies for the Continental are manufactured in Zwickau, Germany.Bentley won the one day of Le Mans throughout 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, and 2003.
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Iconic Bentley models range from the Bentley 4½ Litre, Bentley Speed Six, Bentley R Type Continental, Bentley Turbo R, and Bentley Arnage. As of 2015, Bentley produce the Continental Flying Spur, Continental GT, Bentley Bentayga and the Mulsanne.Rolls-Royce bought Bentley on the receivers in 1931 and also subsequently sold it for you to Vickers plc in 1980 any time Rolls-Royce themselves went insolvent. In 1998, Vickers sold it for you to Volkswagen AG. The sale included the automobile designs, model nameplates, production and administrative establishments, the Spirit of Joyfulness and Rolls-Royce grille shape trademarks, but not the rights for the Rolls-Royce name or logo which might be owned by Rolls-Royce Holdings plc along with were licensed to BMW AG.Before World War When i, Walter Owen Bentley, and his brother, Horace Millner Bentley, sold French DFP cars in Cricklewood, North London, but W. O, as Walter was acknowledged, always wanted to design and build his or her own cars. At the DFP manufacturing plant, in 1913, he noticed an lightweight aluminum paperweight and thought that aluminum may be a suitable replacement pertaining to cast iron to fabricate brighter pistons. The first Bentley aluminum pistons were suited to Sopwith Camel aero applications during World War When i.In August 1919, W. O. registered Bentley Motors Ltd. and in October he exhibited a motor vehicle chassis, with dummy engine, at the London Generator Show. Ex-Royal Flying Corps officer, Clive Gallop, designed an innovative some valves per cylinder engine for that chassis. By December the powerplant was built and jogging. Delivery of the 1st cars was scheduled for June 1920, but development took longer than estimated hence the date was extended in order to September 1921. The durability of the initial Bentley cars earned widespread acclaim and they competed in hill climbs and also raced at Brooklands.Bentley's first major occasion was the 1922 Indiana 500, a race, dominated by specialized cars and trucks with Duesenberg racing framework. They entered a revised road car driven by means of works driver, Douglas Hawkes, accompanied by riding repair shop, H. S. "Bertie" Browning. Hawkes completed the total 500 miles and finished 13th having an average speed of 74. 95 mph after starting off in 19th position. The team was then rushed returning to England to compete in the 1922 RAC Tourist Trophy.Captain Woolf BarnatoIn ironic reference for you to his heavyweight boxer's prominence, Captain Woolf Barnato ended up being nicknamed "Babe". In 1925, he acquired his initial Bentley, a 3-litre. With this car he won numerous Brooklands backgrounds. Just a year later he acquired the Bentley company itself.The Bentley enterprise was always underfunded, but inspired by this 1924 Le Mans gain by John Duff in addition to Frank Clement, Barnato agreed to money Bentley's business. Barnato had incorporated Baromans Ltd throughout 1922, which existed as his or her finance and investment car. Via Baromans, Barnato initially invested much more than £100, 000, saving the business and its particular workforce. A financial reorganisation of the original Bentley company was completed and all existing creditors payed off for £75, 000. Existing shares were devalued via £1 each to simply just 1 shilling, or 5% or their original value. Barnato held 149, 500 of the completely new shares giving him control from the company and he grew to become chairman. Barnato injected further cash to the business: £35, 000 secured by debenture inside July 1927; £40, 000 in 1928; £25, 000 in 1929. With renewed financial insight, W. O. Bentley was able to development another generation of automobiles.
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This Bentley Boys were several grouped British motoring enthusiasts that included Woolf Barnato, Sir Henry "Tim" Birkin, steeple chaser George Duller, aviator Glen Kidston, automotive journalist S. C. H. "Sammy" Davis, and Dr Dudley Benjafield. The Bentley Boys, favored Bentley cars. Many were independently wealthy and often had a military background. They kept the marque's reputation for good performance alive; Bentley was noted because of its four consecutive victories on the 24 Hours of The Mans from 1927 for you to 1930.In 1929, Tim Birkin developed the particular 4½ litre, lightweight Blower Bentley with Welwyn Garden City along with produced five racing packages, starting with Bentley Blower No. 1 which was optimised for that Brooklands racing circuit. Birkin overruled W. O. and put the model in the marketplace before it was thoroughly developed. As a result, it was unreliable.
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Throughout March 1930, during the Blue Train Races, Woolf Barnato raised the particular stakes on Rover and it is Rover Light Six, having raced and survived Le Train Bleu for the 1st time, to better that record along with his 6½-litre Bentley Speed Six on a bet of £100. He drove against the particular train from Cannes to Calais, then by ferry for you to Dover, and finally London, travelling on public roads, and won.
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Barnato owned his H. J. Mulliner-bodied formal saloon inside race against the Glowing blue Train. Two months later, on 21 May 1930, he took delivery of any Speed Six with efficient fastback "Sportsman Coupé" by means of Gurney Nutting. Both cars became often known as the "Blue Train Bentleys"; the latter is on a regular basis mistaken for, or erroneously referred to to be, the car that raced the Blue Train, while in fact Barnato named it in memory of his race. [19][20] A painting by means of Terence Cuneo depicts your Gurney Nutting coupé rushing along a road parallel towards Blue Train, which scenario never occurred because the road and railway did not follow the same path.
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Audi A is usually a German automobile manufacturer that will designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes extravagance vehicles. Audi oversees worldwide operations from its headquarters in Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany. Audi-branded vehicles are produced in nine production facilities world-wide.The origins of this company are complex, going back to early 20th century and the initial enterprises founded by industrial engineer August Horch; and two other makers, leading to the base of Auto Union throughout 1932. The modern era involving Audi essentially began inside the 1960s when Auto Partnership was acquired by Volkswagen by Daimler-Benz. After relaunching the Audi brand with the 1965 introduction of your Audi F103 series, Volkswagen merged Auto Union with NSU Motorenwerke in 1969, thus creating the modern form of the firm.The company name is based on the Latin translation with the surname of the founder, August Horch. "Horch", meaning "listen" in A language like german, becomes "audi" in Latin. The four rings with the Audi logo each represent one of four car companies that banded together to generate Audi's predecessor company, Auto Union. Audi's slogan is Vorsprung durch Technik, meaning "Advancement through Technology". However, since 2007 Audi USA has used the commercial "Truth in Engineering". Audi is among the actual best-selling luxury automobiles on earth.
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About 14 November 1899, August Horch (1868-1951) established the company A. Horch & Cie. in the Ehrenfeld region of Cologne. Three years later inside 1902 he moved along with his company to Reichenbach im Vogtland. On May, 10th, 1904 he founded your August Horch & Cie. Motorwagenwerke AG, a joint-stock company with Zwickau (State of Saxony).After troubles with Horch chief financial officer, August Horch left Motorwagenwerke and founded in Zwickau on 16 July 1909, his second company, the August Horch Automobilwerke GmbH. His former partners sued your ex for trademark infringement. The German Reichsgericht (Gigantic Court) in Leipzig, eventually determined that your Horch brand belonged to his former company.Audi Type ESince August Horch has been banned from using "Horch" to be a trade name in his / her new car business, he called a meeting with close business friends, Paul and Franz Fikentscher coming from Zwickau, Germany. At the apartment involving Franz Fikentscher, they discussed how to come up with a new name for the company. During this meeting, Franz's son was quietly studying Latin in a very corner of the area. Several times he looked like he was on the verge of saying anything but would just take his words and continue working, until he finally blurted out there, "Father - audiatur et altera pars... wouldn't it be recommended that you call it audi instead of horch? " "Horch! " in German suggests "Hark! " or "hear", which is "Audi" in the singular imperative form connected with "audire" - "to listen" - inside Latin. The idea was readily accepted by everyone going to the meeting. On 25 April 1910 the particular Audi Automobilwerke GmbH Zwickau (by 1915 on Audiwerke AG Zwickau) was entered within the company's register of Zwickau registration court.The first Audi car, the Audi Type A new 10/22 hp (sixteen kW) Sport-Phaeton, was produced in identical year, followed by the successor Type B 10/28PS in the same year.Audi started with any 2, 612 cc inline-four serp model Type A, followed by a 3, 564 cc model, as well as 4, 680 cc and 5, 720 cc models. These cars were successful even in sporting events. The first six-cylinder type Type M, 4, 655 cc appeared in 1924.
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September Horch left the Audiwerke in 1920 for a high position at the actual ministry of transport, but he was still associated with Audi as a member of the board of trustees. In September 1921, Audi became the first German car manufacturer to provide a production car, the Audi Type Ok, with left-handed drive. Left-hand drive spread and established dominance throughout the 1920s because it provided a better view of oncoming targeted visitors, making overtaking safer.The merger of the four companies beneath logo of four bandsIn August 1928, Jørgen Rasmussen, the owner of Dampf-Kraft-Wagen (DKW), acquired the majority associated with shares in Audiwerke AG. In the same yr, Rasmussen bought the remains on the U. S. automobile manufacturer Rickenbacker, including the manufacturing products for eight-cylinder engines. These engines were utilised in Audi Zwickau and Audi Dresden models that have been launched in 1929. At the same period, six-cylinder and four-cylinder (the "four" with a Peugeot engine) models were manufactured. Audi cars of that will era were luxurious cars built with special bodywork.In 1932, Audi merged with Horch, DKW, and Wanderer, to form Auto Marriage AG, Chemnitz. It was during this era that the company made available the Audi Front that became the primary European car to incorporate a six-cylinder engine using front-wheel drive. It used a powertrain distributed to the Wanderer, but turned 180-degrees, so that the drive shaft faced leading.Before World War II, Auto Union used the actual four interlinked rings that make up the Audi badge nowadays, representing these four makes. This badge was employed, however, only on Auto Union racing cars in this period while the member companies used their very own names and emblems. The technological development became more and more concentrated and some Audi designs were propelled by Horch as well as Wanderer built engines.
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Reflecting the economic pressures of the time, Auto Union concentrated progressively more on smaller cars over the 1930s, so that by 1938 you’re able to send DKW brand accounted pertaining to 17. 9% of the German born car market, while Audi held simply 0. 1%. After the final several Audis were delivered in 1939 the "Audi" name disappeared completely through the new car market for in excess of two decades.Post-World War IIIFA F9Like most German production, at the onset of World War II your Auto Union plants had been retooled for military output, and were a targeted for allied bombing in the war which left these individuals damaged.Overrun by the Soviet Internet marketer in 1945, on the orders of the Soviet Union military management the factories were dismantled included in war reparations. Following this, the company's entire property were expropriated without settlement. On 17 August 1948, Auto Union AG involving Chemnitz was deleted through the commercial register. These actions had the effects of liquidating Germany's Automotive Union AG. The remains of the Audi plant of Zwickau started to be the VEB Automobilwerk Zwickau or perhaps AWZ (in English: Automobile Works Zwickau).
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Without having any prospect of continuing creation in Soviet controlled Far east Germany, Auto Union executives began the task of relocating what was left from the company to West Belgium. A site was picked out in Ingolstadt, Bavaria to start a spare parts operation in late 1945, which would eventually serve as the headquarters of the reformed Motor vehicle Union in 1949.The former Audi production line in Zwickau restarted assembly with the pre-war-models in 1949. These DKW models were being renamed to IFA F8 and even IFA F9 and were just like West German versions. West and East German models were designed with the traditional and legendary DKW two-stroke engines. The Zwickau plant developed the infamous Trabant unless 1991, when it came using Volkswagen control-effectively bringing it inside same umbrella as Audi considering that 1945.
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Benetton Formulation Ltd., commonly referred to purely as Benetton, was a Formula Just one constructor that participated by 1986 to 2001. The team was owned through the Benetton family who run an internationally chain of clothing stores on the same name. In 2000 the workforce was purchased by Renault, but competed as Benetton for that 2000 and 2001 months. In 2002 the group became Renault F1.The Benetton Group entered Formula One being a sponsor company for Tyrrell in 1983, then Alfa Romeo throughout 1984 and 1985 and then Toleman in 1985. Benetton Formula Ltd. was formed at the finish of 1985 when the particular Toleman team was sold for the Benetton family. The team began with BMW engines then later switched to Ford then Renault lastly Playlife.
The fuel ignites and engulfs Verstappen and the crew. ATP Muenchen
The actual team was managed simply by Flavio Briatore from 1990 right up until 1997. In about 1991, TWR acquired a one-third stake in the team, bringing in Tom Walkinshaw and Ross Brawn running the engineering operations. Rocco Benetton, the youngest son involving Luciano Benetton joined the team as Leader in 1998 and dismissed Briatore. He replaced him with Prodrive boss David Richards, who lasted only for just a year when he too was fired, due to a disagreement with the Benetton family about long term strategy. Following Richards' departure, Rocco Benetton managed the team for 3 years until its sale for you to Renault.The Benetton team 's best known for its achievement with Michael Schumacher, who accounts for 19 on the team's 27 career wins and their 2 drivers' titles. After switching to Renault applications, they also won the constructor's championship in 1995 with Schumacher and Johnny Herbert. After 1995, Schumacher moved to Ferrari together with Ross Brawn, Rory Byrne and 11 other key figures from the two championship winning seasons with Benetton.
The Benetton pit crew try to escape the flames. ATP Muenchen
In March 16, 2000, the team was available to Renault for $120 mil US. As part of their particular restructuring, Renault brought back Flavio Briatore since team manager. The team still employed the Playlife engines (even though descended from Renault motors) they been using the past two years. The drivers were Giancarlo Fisichella along with Alexander Wurz. The team scored 20 details, as well as 3 podium finishes in 2000 at South america, Monaco and Canada.During their final time in 2001 the individuals, Jenson Button and Giancarlo Fisichella, were often on a corner two rows of the grid. This was in part assigned to the new 111-degree vast angle engine. But continued development granted Benetton to leave Method 1 on something of an high, and the cars' effectiveness lifted. Button and Fisichella scored 10 points to the team, including a podium end for Fisichella in Belgium.
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During the 1994 season, some rival teams stated Benetton had found methods to violate the FIA-imposed exclude on electronic aids, including traction control as well as launch control. On investigation, the FIA discovered "start sequence" (release control) software inside Benetton B194 cars, and a variety involving illegal software in rival teams' cars likewise. FIA had no evidence the program was ever used, so teams found using the software received little to help no punishment. No traction control software was found to stay the Benetton cars, however. Flavio Briatore, Benetton's chief in 1994, said in 2001 that will "Our only mistake was that during the time we were too young and individuals were suspicious".
Michael Schumacher, BenettonFord B194, SpaFrancorchamps, 1994
During the 1994 season Benetton taken away a fuel filter on the refueling rig used during pit stops. This may have resulted in a fire that was held during Jos Verstappen's first pitstop at Hockenheim. This resulted in further inquiries by the FIA, during which, the refuelling rig manufacturer clarified that in their opinion the modification would have resulted in 10% higher flow rates than the rules allowed[citation needed]. Again the team gone without substantial punishment.
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Benetton Formula Ltd., commonly referred to simply as Benetton, was a Formula 1 constructor that participated via 1986 to 2001. The team was owned with the Benetton family who run an internationally chain of clothing stores of the same name. In 2000 the crew was purchased by Renault, but competed as Benetton with the 2000 and 2001 seasons. In 2002 the group became Renault F1.The Benetton Group entered Formula One to be a sponsor company for Tyrrell in 1983, then Alfa Romeo throughout 1984 and 1985 and finally Toleman in 1985. Benetton Formula Ltd. was formed at the final of 1985 when this Toleman team was sold towards the Benetton family. The team began with BMW engines and then later switched to Ford then Renault and lastly Playlife.
Benetton F1 Car Flickr Photo Sharing!
The team was managed through Flavio Briatore from 1990 until eventually 1997. In about 1991, TWR acquired a one-third stake within the team, bringing in Tom Walkinshaw and Ross Brawn running the engineering operations. Rocco Benetton, the youngest son involving Luciano Benetton joined the team as Chief executive in 1998 and dismissed from your job Briatore. He replaced him together with Prodrive boss David Richards, who lasted only to get a year when he far too was fired, due to a disagreement while using Benetton family about long term strategy. Following Richards' departure, Rocco Benetton managed the team for several years until its sale to Renault.The Benetton team is most beneficial known for its achievements with Michael Schumacher, who accounts for 19 in the team's 27 career advantages and their 2 drivers' titles. After switching to Renault machines, they also won the constructor's championship in 1995 together with Schumacher and Johnny Herbert. After 1995, Schumacher moved to Ferrari in conjunction with Ross Brawn, Rory Byrne and 11 various other key figures from the two championship winning months with Benetton.
Benetton F1 Car Flickr Photo Sharing!
On March 16, 2000, the team was offered to Renault for $120 zillion US. As part of their own restructuring, Renault brought back Flavio Briatore while team manager. The team still applied the Playlife engines (although descended from Renault motors) they had been using going back two years. The drivers were Giancarlo Fisichella as well as Alexander Wurz. The team scored 20 factors, as well as 3 podium completes in 2000 at South america, Monaco and Canada.During their final time of year in 2001 the people, Jenson Button and Giancarlo Fisichella, were often on the back two rows of your grid. This was in part attributed to the new 111-degree extensive angle engine. But continued development allowed Benetton to leave Formulation 1 on something of any high, and the cars' effectiveness lifted. Button and Fisichella scored 10 points for that team, including a podium finish for Fisichella in Belgium.
1992 BenettonFord B192 F1 car Ex Michael Schumacher and M
Through the 1994 season, some rival teams stated Benetton had found a way to violate the FIA-imposed bar on electronic aids, including traction control and launch control. On investigation, the FIA discovered "start sequence" (kick off control) software inside Benetton B194 cars, and a variety involving illegal software in rival teams' cars as well. FIA had no evidence the software was ever used, so teams found using the software received little in order to no punishment. No traction control software was found to stay the Benetton cars, however. Flavio Briatore, Benetton's chief in 1994, said in 2001 which "Our only mistake was that during the time we were too young and the ones were suspicious".
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Through the 1994 season Benetton taken out a fuel filter through the refueling rig used while in pit stops. This may have resulted in a fire that happened during Jos Verstappen's first pitstop at Hockenheim. This resulted in further inquiries with the FIA, during which, the refuelling rig manufacturer explained that in their opinion the modification might have resulted in 10% higher flow rates than the rules allowed[citation needed]. Again the team travelled without substantial punishment.
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Benetton Formula Ltd., commonly referred to simply as Benetton, was a Formula One constructor that participated coming from 1986 to 2001. The team was owned by the Benetton family who run an internationally chain of clothing stores in the same name. In 2000 the crew was purchased by Renault, but competed as Benetton with the 2000 and 2001 seasons. In 2002 the group became Renault F1.The Benetton Group entered Formula One like a sponsor company for Tyrrell inside 1983, then Alfa Romeo inside 1984 and 1985 and lastly Toleman in 1985. Benetton Formula Ltd. was formed at the tip of 1985 when your Toleman team was sold towards the Benetton family. The team began with BMW engines then later switched to Ford then Renault lastly Playlife.
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Your team was managed simply by Flavio Briatore from 1990 until 1997. In about 1991, TWR acquired a one-third stake inside the team, bringing in Tom Walkinshaw and Ross Brawn to perform the engineering operations. Rocco Benetton, the youngest son regarding Luciano Benetton joined the team as Chief executive in 1998 and let go Briatore. He replaced him along with Prodrive boss David Richards, who lasted only for a year when he too was fired, due to a disagreement while using the Benetton family about upcoming strategy. Following Richards' departure, Rocco Benetton managed the team for 36 months until its sale for you to Renault.The Benetton team is the most suitable known for its accomplishment with Michael Schumacher, who accounts for 19 in the team's 27 career victories and their 2 drivers' championships. After switching to Renault engines, they also won your constructor's championship in 1995 together with Schumacher and Johnny Herbert. After 1995, Schumacher moved to Ferrari together with Ross Brawn, Rory Byrne and 11 additional key figures from his or her two championship winning times with Benetton.
1994, Part 2: Claims of cheating fly as Formula 1 tries to rebuild
On March 16, 2000, the team was offered to Renault for $120 mil US. As part of their restructuring, Renault brought back Flavio Briatore while team manager. The team still used the Playlife engines (despite the fact that descended from Renault motors) they'd been using going back two years. The drivers were Giancarlo Fisichella as well as Alexander Wurz. The team scored 20 points, as well as 3 podium coatings in 2000 at Brazil, Monaco and Canada.During their final time of year in 2001 the owners, Jenson Button and Giancarlo Fisichella, were often on the back two rows of your grid. This was in part due to the new 111-degree large angle engine. But continued development permitted Benetton to leave Formula 1 on something of the high, and the cars' performance lifted. Button and Fisichella scored 10 points for your team, including a podium complete for Fisichella in Belgium.
1994 Ferrari Formula 1 Car hnczcyw.com
In the 1994 season, some rival teams believed Benetton had found a method to violate the FIA-imposed suspend on electronic aids, including traction control as well as launch control. On investigation, the FIA discovered "start sequence" (release control) software inside the Benetton B194 cars, and a variety of illegal software in rival teams' cars at the same time. FIA had no evidence the program was ever used, so teams found using the software received little to no punishment. No traction control software was found to be in the Benetton cars, however. Flavio Briatore, Benetton's chief in 1994, said in 2001 that "Our only mistake was that back then we were too young and the ones were suspicious".
1994, Part 2: Claims of cheating fly as Formula 1 tries to rebuild
Over the 1994 season Benetton taken off a fuel filter through the refueling rig used while in pit stops. This may have led to a fire that took place during Jos Verstappen's initial pitstop at Hockenheim. This resulted in further inquiries because of the FIA, during which, the refuelling rig manufacturer clarified that in their opinion the modification could have resulted in 10% higher flow rates compared to the rules allowed[citation needed]. Again the team proceeded to go without substantial punishment.
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