Aston Martin Lagonda Limited is a British manufacturer of high-class sports cars and awesome tourers. It was founded throughout 1913 by Lionel Martin along with Robert Bamford.The firm became related to luxury grand touring cars from the 1950s and 1960s, and with the fantastic character James Bond following his utilization of a DB5 model inside the 1964 film Goldfinger.The company has had a chequered financial history, including bankruptcy in the actual 1970s, but has also enjoyed very long stretches of success and stability, including under the control of David Brown, from 1947 to 1972 and with the Ford Motor Company from 1994 to 2007.In March 2007, a consortium of people, led by David Richards, purchased 92% of Aston Martin for £479 million, with Ford retaining the £40 million stake. David Richards became chairman involving Aston Martin. In December 2012, the Italian private money fund Investindustrialsigned a deal to get 37. 5% of Aston Martin, investing £150 million as being a capital increase.
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FoundingAston Martin was created in 1913 by Lionel Martin and also Robert Bamford. The two had registered forces as Bamford & Martin the last year to sell cars of Singer from premises within Callow Street, London where they in addition serviced GWK and Calthorpe automobiles. Martin raced specials on Aston Hill near Aston Clinton, and the pair thought i would make their own automobiles. The first car to get named Aston Martin was developed by Martin by appropriate a four-cylinder Coventry-Simplex engine towards the chassis of a 1908 Isotta-Fraschini.They acquired premises with Henniker Mews in Kensington along with produced their first auto in March 1915. Production could not start due to the outbreak of World Battle I, and Martin joined the Admiralty and Bamford the Royal Army Service Corps. All machinery was sold towards Sopwith Aviation Company.Inter war yearsAfter the war, the company was refounded in Abingdon Road, Kensington and a new car built to carry the Aston-Martin title. Bamford left in 1920 and the company was revitalised using funding from Count Louis Zborowski. In 1922, Bamford & Martin produced cars to compete from the French Grand Prix, which went on to put world speed and strength records at Brooklands. Three works Team Cars and trucks with 16-valve twin camera engines were built intended for racing and record splitting: chassis number 1914, later developed as the particular Green Pea; chassis number 1915, the Razor Blade document car; and chassis number 1916, later developed as your Halford Special.
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Somewhere around 55 cars were built for sale in two configurations, long chassis and small chassis. The company went belly up in 1924 and has been bought by Lady Charnwood, who put her son John Benson for the board. The company failed again in 1925 plus the factory closed in 1926, with Lionel Martin making.Later that year, Bill Renwick, Augustus (Bert) Bertelli and investors including Lady Charnwood took control in the company. They renamed it Aston Martin Magnetic motors and moved it towards former Whitehead Aircraft Limited works in Feltham. Renwick and Bertelli were being in partnership some many years and had developed a great overhead-cam four-cylinder engine employing Renwick's patented combustion step design, which they had tested in the Enfield-Allday chassis. The only "Renwick as well as Bertelli" motor car made, it was known as "Buzzbox" whilst still being survives.The pair had planned to market their engine to generator manufacturers, but having heard that this Aston Martin was don't in production realised they can capitalise on its reputation to jump start the production of your completely new car.Between 1926 and 1937 Bertelli seemed to be both technical director and designer coming from all new Aston Martins, since known as "Bertelli cars". They included the 1½-litre "T-type", "International", "Le Mans", "MKII" and its racing derivative, the "Ulster", and the 2-litre 15/98 and it is racing derivative, the "Speed Model". Most were open two-seater sports activities cars bodied by Bert Bertelli's sibling Enrico (Harry), with a small volume of long-chassis four-seater tourers, dropheads and saloons in addition produced.Bertelli was a capable driver keen to contest his cars, one of few owner/manufacturer/drivers. The "LM" team autos were very successful inside national and international generator racing including at Le Mans and the Mille Miglia.
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Fiscal problems reappeared in 1932. The company was rescued for just a year by L. Prideaux Brune before passing it through to Sir Arthur Sutherland. In 1936, Aston Martin decided to focus on road cars, producing just 700 until finally World War II halted work. Production shifted to aircraft components through the war.David Brown era1958 Aston Martin DB Mark IIIIn 1947, tractor manufacturer David Brown Limited bought the organization under the leadership associated with managing director Sir Mark Brown-its "post-war saviour". The company also purchased Lagonda that year due to the 2. 6-litre W. O. Bentley-designed engine. Both companies shared resources and workshops, leading to the classic "DB" series of cars. In 1950, the company announced this DB2, followed by the DB2/4 inside 1953, the DB2/4 MkII within 1955, the DB Mark III in 1957 along with the Italian-styled 3. 7 L DB4 in 1958.While these models helped Aston Martin begin a good racing pedigree, the DB4 stood away and yielded the renowned DB5 in 1963. The company stayed correct to its emerging "grand touring" style with all the DB6 (1965-70), and DBS (1967-1972).The six-cylinder engines of those cars from 1954 approximately 1965 were designed by Tadek Marek.
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Audi A is really a German automobile manufacturer in which designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes high end vehicles. Audi oversees worldwide operations from its headquarters throughout Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany. Audi-branded vehicles are stated in nine production facilities worldwide.The origins of the company are complex, going back to the early 20th century and the original enterprises founded by electrical engineer August Horch; and two other makers, leading to the footing of Auto Union with 1932. The modern era of Audi essentially began in the 1960s when Auto Partnership was acquired by Volkswagen by Daimler-Benz. After relaunching the Audi brand while using 1965 introduction of your Audi F103 series, Volkswagen merged Auto Nation with NSU Motorenwerke within 1969, thus creating the present day form of the organization.The company name is based on the Latin translation from the surname of the president, August Horch. "Horch", meaning "listen" in German, becomes "audi" in Latina. The four rings with the Audi logo each represent considered one of four car companies that banded together to build Audi's predecessor company, Auto Union. Audi's slogan is Vorsprung durch Technik, meaning "Advancement through Technology". However, since 2007 Audi UNITED STATES OF AMERICA has used the commercial "Truth in Engineering". Audi is among the actual best-selling luxury automobiles on earth.
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In 14 November 1899, August Horch (1868-1951) established the company A. Horch & Cie. in the Ehrenfeld section of Cologne. Three years later throughout 1902 he moved together with his company to Reichenbach i'm Vogtland. On May, 10th, 1904 he founded this August Horch & Cie. Motorwagenwerke AG, a joint-stock company with Zwickau (State of Saxony).After troubles with Horch chief financial officer, August Horch left Motorwagenwerke in addition to founded in Zwickau with 16 July 1909, his second company, the August Horch Automobilwerke GmbH. His former partners sued him or her for trademark infringement. The German Reichsgericht (Supreme Court) in Leipzig, eventually determined that your Horch brand belonged to his former company.Audi Type ESince August Horch had been banned from using "Horch" as being a trade name in their new car business, he called a meeting with close business friends, Paul and Franz Fikentscher from Zwickau, Germany. At the apartment associated with Franz Fikentscher, they discussed how to generate a new name for your company. During this meeting, Franz's son was quietly studying Latin in the corner of the bedroom. Several times he appeared as if he was on the actual verge of saying a thing but would just take his words and go on working, until he finally blurted out there, "Father - audiatur et altera pars... wouldn't it be smart to call it audi instead of horch? " "Horch! " in German means "Hark! " or "hear", which is "Audi" inside the singular imperative form associated with "audire" - "to listen" - throughout Latin. The idea was graciously accepted by everyone joining the meeting. On 25 April 1910 the actual Audi Automobilwerke GmbH Zwickau (by 1915 on Audiwerke AG Zwickau) was entered inside the company's register of Zwickau sign up court.The first Audi vehicle, the Audi Type Some sort of 10/22 hp (04 kW) Sport-Phaeton, was produced in the same year, followed by the heir Type B 10/28PS from the same year.Audi started with a 2, 612 cc inline-four powerplant model Type A, followed by a 3, 564 cc model, as well as some, 680 cc and 5, 720 cc models. These cars were successful even in sporting events. The first six-cylinder model Type M, 4, 655 cc appeared within 1924.
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September Horch left the Audiwerke in 1920 for a high position at this ministry of transport, but he was still involved with Audi as a person in the board of trustees. In September 1921, Audi became the primary German car manufacturer presenting a production car, the Audi Type Ok, with left-handed drive. Left-hand drive spread and established dominance in the 1920s because it provided a better view of oncoming targeted visitors, making overtaking safer.The merger of the four companies under the logo of four bandsIn August 1928, Jørgen Rasmussen, the owner of Dampf-Kraft-Wagen (DKW), acquired the majority associated with shares in Audiwerke AG. In the same year, Rasmussen bought the remains in the U. S. automobile manufacturer Rickenbacker, including the manufacturing apparatus for eight-cylinder engines. These engines were employed in Audi Zwickau and Audi Dresden models which are launched in 1929. At the same moment, six-cylinder and four-cylinder (the "four" which has a Peugeot engine) products were manufactured. Audi cars of that will era were luxurious cars furnished with special bodywork.In 1932, Audi merged with Horch, DKW, and Wanderer, to form Auto Nation AG, Chemnitz. It was during this period that the company offered the Audi Front that became the primary European car to merge a six-cylinder engine with front-wheel drive. It used a powertrain shared with the Wanderer, but turned 180-degrees, so that the drive shaft faced the top.Before World War II, Auto Union used the particular four interlinked rings comprise the Audi badge right now, representing these four makes. This badge was utilised, however, only on Auto Union racing cars because period while the member companies used his or her names and emblems. The technological development became a lot more concentrated and some Audi products were propelled by Horch or even Wanderer built engines.
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Sending the economic pressures almost daily, Auto Union concentrated progressively on smaller cars over the 1930s, so that by 1938 send out DKW brand accounted regarding 17. 9% of the German car market, while Audi held only 0. 1%. After the final number of Audis were delivered in 1939 the "Audi" name disappeared completely from the new car market for a lot more than two decades.Post-World War IIIFA F9Like most German production, at the onset connected with World War II this Auto Union plants were retooled for military output, and were a focus on for allied bombing through the war which left them damaged.Overrun by the Soviet Internet marketer in 1945, on the orders from the Soviet Union military government the factories were dismantled as part of war reparations. Following this, the company's entire possessions were expropriated without compensation. On 17 August 1948, Auto Union AG of Chemnitz was deleted on the commercial register. These actions had the effect of liquidating Germany's Car Union AG. The remains of the Audi plant of Zwickau grew to become the VEB Automobilwerk Zwickau or maybe AWZ (in Uk: Automobile Works Zwickau).
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Without prospect of continuing creation in Soviet controlled Eastern side Germany, Auto Union executives began the process of relocating what was left of the company to West Philippines. A site was targeted in Ingolstadt, Bavaria to start an extra parts operation in delayed 1945, which would eventually serve because the headquarters of the reformed Motor vehicle Union in 1949.The former Audi factory in Zwickau restarted assembly of this pre-war-models in 1949. These DKW models were being renamed to IFA F8 not to mention IFA F9 and were similar to the West German versions. West and East German models were with the traditional and well known DKW two-stroke engines. The Zwickau plant manufactured the infamous Trabant till 1991, when it came using Volkswagen control-effectively bringing it under the same umbrella as Audi due to the fact 1945.
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Aston Martin Lagonda Limited is usually a British manufacturer of luxury sports cars and grand tourers. It was founded throughout 1913 by Lionel Martin and also Robert Bamford.The firm became linked to luxury grand touring cars inside the 1950s and 1960s, and with the fantastic character James Bond following his using a DB5 model inside the 1964 film Goldfinger.The company has had a chequered financial history, including bankruptcy in the particular 1970s, but has also enjoyed very long periods of success and security, including under the ownership of David Brown, from 1947 to 1972 and of the Ford Motor Company by 1994 to 2007.In March 2007, a consortium of people, led by David Richards, purchased 92% of Aston Martin pertaining to £479 million, with Ford retaining any £40 million stake. David Richards became chairman of Aston Martin. In December 2012, the Italian private money fund Investindustrialsigned a deal to purchase 37. 5% of Aston Martin, investing £150 million as being a capital increase.
Aston Martin V12 Vantage
FoundingAston Martin was started in 1913 by Lionel Martin as well as Robert Bamford. The two had became a member of forces as Bamford & Martin the last year to sell cars created by Singer from premises in Callow Street, London where they furthermore serviced GWK and Calthorpe cars. Martin raced specials with Aston Hill near Aston Clinton, and the pair made a decision to make their own automobiles. The first car for being named Aston Martin was created by Martin by fitted a four-cylinder Coventry-Simplex engine on the chassis of a 1908 Isotta-Fraschini.They acquired premises with Henniker Mews in Kensington in addition to produced their first vehicle in March 1915. Production could not start because of the outbreak of World Battle I, and Martin joined the actual Admiralty and Bamford this Royal Army Service Corps. All machinery was sold to the Sopwith Aviation Company.Inter war yearsAfter the war, the company was refounded from Abingdon Road, Kensington and a new car built to carry the Aston-Martin label. Bamford left in 1920 as well as the company was revitalised along with funding from Count Louis Zborowski. In 1922, Bamford & Martin developed cars to compete from the French Grand Prix, which went on to line world speed and stamina records at Brooklands. Three works Team Vehicles with 16-valve twin cam engines were built for racing and record splitting: chassis number 1914, later developed as the actual Green Pea; chassis number 1915, the Razor Blade file car; and chassis number 1916, later developed as the particular Halford Special.
Aston Martin DB9 Coupe in Metallic Red 1:18 scale by Mondo Motors
Around 55 cars were built for sale in two configurations, long chassis and short chassis. The company went belly up in 1924 and was bought by Lady Charnwood, who put her son John Benson on the board. The company failed again in 1925 and the factory closed in 1926, with Lionel Martin causing.Later that year, Bill Renwick, Augustus (Bert) Bertelli and investors including Lady Charnwood took control with the company. They renamed it Aston Martin Engines and moved it towards former Whitehead Aircraft Minimal works in Feltham. Renwick and Bertelli was in partnership some years and had developed a overhead-cam four-cylinder engine making use of Renwick's patented combustion chamber design, which they had tested in the Enfield-Allday chassis. The only "Renwick as well as Bertelli" motor car built, it was known as "Buzzbox" but still survives.The pair had planned to trade their engine to electric motor manufacturers, but having heard that the Aston Martin was no more in production realised they may capitalise on its popularity to jump start the production of any completely new car.Between 1926 and 1937 Bertelli was both technical director and designer coming from all new Aston Martins, since known as "Bertelli cars". They included the 1½-litre "T-type", "International", "Le Mans", "MKII" and its auto racing derivative, the "Ulster", and the 2-litre 15/98 as well as racing derivative, the "Speed Model". Most were open two-seater sports activities cars bodied by Bert Bertelli's brother Enrico (Harry), with a small volume of long-chassis four-seater tourers, dropheads and saloons furthermore produced.Bertelli was a capable driver keen to race his cars, one of few owner/manufacturer/drivers. The "LM" team cars and trucks were very successful inside national and international engine racing including at Le Mans plus the Mille Miglia.
Aston Martin DB7 Vantage, Green Sun Star 20650 1/43 Scale Diecast
Fiscal problems reappeared in 1932. The company was rescued for a year by L. Prideaux Brune before passing it through to Sir Arthur Sutherland. In 1936, Aston Martin decided to focus on road cars, producing just 700 until finally World War II halted work. Production shifted to aircraft components through the war.David Brown era1958 Aston Martin DB Mark IIIIn 1947, tractor manufacturer David Brown Limited bought the business under the leadership connected with managing director Sir Brian Brown-its "post-war saviour". The company also bought Lagonda that year for its 2. 6-litre W. O. Bentley-designed engine. Both companies shared methods and workshops, leading to the classic "DB" number of cars. In 1950, the company announced the DB2, followed by the DB2/4 within 1953, the DB2/4 MkII within 1955, the DB Mark III in 1957 along with the Italian-styled 3. 7 L DB4 in 1958.While these models helped Aston Martin begin a good racing pedigree, the DB4 stood out there and yielded the well known DB5 in 1963. The company stayed legitimate to its emerging "grand touring" style while using DB6 (1965-70), and DBS (1967-1972).The six-cylinder engines these cars from 1954 approximately 1965 were designed by means of Tadek Marek.
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