Audi A is a German automobile manufacturer that will designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes luxurious vehicles. Audi oversees worldwide operations from its headquarters throughout Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany. Audi-branded vehicles are manufactured in nine production facilities throughout the world.The origins of the business are complex, going back to early 20th century and your initial enterprises founded by electrical engineer August Horch; and two other producers, leading to the basis of Auto Union inside 1932. The modern era involving Audi essentially began inside the 1960s when Auto Union was acquired by Volkswagen through Daimler-Benz. After relaunching the Audi brand with the 1965 introduction of your Audi F103 series, Volkswagen merged Auto Unification with NSU Motorenwerke throughout 1969, thus creating the modern-day form of the organization.The company name is dependant on the Latin translation from the surname of the originator, August Horch. "Horch", meaning "listen" in German born, becomes "audi" in Latin. The four rings in the Audi logo each represent among four car companies that banded together to produce Audi's predecessor company, Auto Union. Audi's slogan is Vorsprung durch Technik, meaning "Advancement through Technology". However, since 2007 Audi US has used the slogan "Truth in Engineering". Audi is among the particular best-selling luxury automobiles on earth.
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Upon 14 November 1899, August Horch (1868-1951) established the corporation A. Horch & Cie. in the Ehrenfeld section of Cologne. Three years later within 1902 he moved together with his company to Reichenbach i will be Vogtland. On May, 10th, 1904 he founded the particular August Horch & Cie. Motorwagenwerke AG, a joint-stock company with Zwickau (State regarding Saxony).After troubles with Horch key financial officer, August Horch left Motorwagenwerke and also founded in Zwickau with 16 July 1909, his second company, the August Horch Automobilwerke GmbH. His former partners sued your ex for trademark infringement. The German Reichsgericht (Best Court) in Leipzig, eventually determined that your Horch brand belonged in order to his former company.Audi Type ESince August Horch ended up being banned from using "Horch" as being a trade name in the new car business, he called a meeting with close business friends, Paul and Franz Fikentscher via Zwickau, Germany. At the apartment regarding Franz Fikentscher, they discussed how to think of a new name with the company. During this meeting, Franz's son was quietly studying Latin in a corner of the bedroom. Several times he appeared to be he was on the verge of saying one thing but would just swallow his words and carry on working, until he finally blurted out and about, "Father - audiatur et altera pars... wouldn't it be best if you call it audi as opposed to horch? " "Horch! " in German signifies "Hark! " or "hear", which is "Audi" in the singular imperative form of "audire" - "to listen" - with Latin. The idea was swiftly accepted by everyone attending the meeting. On 25 April 1910 the particular Audi Automobilwerke GmbH Zwickau (through 1915 on Audiwerke AG Zwickau) was entered in the company's register of Zwickau sign up court.The first Audi vehicle, the Audi Type Any 10/22 hp (sixteen kW) Sport-Phaeton, was produced in the identical year, followed by the successor Type B 10/28PS from the same year.Audi started with a 2, 612 cc inline-four motor model Type A, followed by a 3, 564 cc model, as well as 5, 680 cc and 5, 720 cc models. These cars were successful even in sports. The first six-cylinder type Type M, 4, 655 cc appeared within 1924.
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June Horch left the Audiwerke in 1920 for the high position at the ministry of transport, but he was still associated with Audi as a person in the board of trustees. In September 1921, Audi became the 1st German car manufacturer to provide a production car, the Audi Type Okay, with left-handed drive. Left-hand drive spread and established dominance during the 1920s because it provided an even better view of oncoming site visitors, making overtaking safer.The merger of the four companies beneath the logo of four wedding ringsIn August 1928, Jørgen Rasmussen, the owner of Dampf-Kraft-Wagen (DKW), acquired the majority of shares in Audiwerke AG. In the same yr, Rasmussen bought the remains in the U. S. automobile manufacturer Rickenbacker, including the manufacturing products for eight-cylinder engines. These engines were employed in Audi Zwickau and Audi Dresden models that have been launched in 1929. At the same occasion, six-cylinder and four-cylinder (the "four" with a Peugeot engine) designs were manufactured. Audi cars of of which era were luxurious cars pre-loaded with special bodywork.In 1932, Audi merged with Horch, DKW, and Wanderer, to form Auto Marriage AG, Chemnitz. It was during this era that the company presented the Audi Front that became the primary European car to mix a six-cylinder engine with front-wheel drive. It used a powertrain shared with the Wanderer, but turned 180-degrees, so that the drive shaft faced leading.Before World War II, Auto Union used the four interlinked rings define the Audi badge today, representing these four makes. This badge was used, however, only on Auto Union racing cars in that period while the member companies used their unique names and emblems. The technological development became an increasing number of concentrated and some Audi models were propelled by Horch as well as Wanderer built engines.
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Showing the economic pressures of that time period, Auto Union concentrated significantly on smaller cars through the 1930s, so that by 1938 the business's DKW brand accounted regarding 17. 9% of the A language like german car market, while Audi held simply 0. 1%. After the final handful of Audis were delivered within 1939 the "Audi" name disappeared completely in the new car market for more than two decades.Post-World War IIIFA F9Like most German production, at the onset associated with World War II your Auto Union plants were being retooled for military production, and were a concentrate on for allied bombing during the war which left all of them damaged.Overrun by the Soviet Army in 1945, on the orders of the Soviet Union military current administration the factories were dismantled during war reparations. Following this, the company's entire resources were expropriated without compensation. On 17 August 1948, Auto Union AG connected with Chemnitz was deleted on the commercial register. These actions had the issue of liquidating Germany's Automobile Union AG. The remains of the actual Audi plant of Zwickau grew to become the VEB Automobilwerk Zwickau or maybe AWZ (in British: Automobile Works Zwickau).
Audi Q5 in Black 1:43 scale by Schuco 07231
And no prospect of continuing production in Soviet controlled Eastern side Germany, Auto Union executives began practise of relocating what was left of this company to West Germany. A site was targeted in Ingolstadt, Bavaria to start a spare parts operation in late 1945, which would eventually serve as the headquarters of the reformed Car or truck Union in 1949.The former Audi plant in Zwickau restarted assembly on the pre-war-models in 1949. These DKW models were definitely renamed to IFA F8 and IFA F9 and were the same as the West German versions. West and East German models were equipped with the traditional and well known DKW two-stroke engines. The Zwickau plant manufactured the infamous Trabant up to the point 1991, when it came using Volkswagen control-effectively bringing it beneath same umbrella as Audi considering that 1945.
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Bentley Power generators Limited (/ˈbɛntli/) is really a British company that models, develops, and manufactures luxury motorcars which are largely hand-built. It is a subsidiary of Volkswagen AG. Now based in Crewe, England, Bentley Motors Limited seemed to be founded by W. O. Bentley on 18 Jan 1919 in Cricklewood, North London.Bentley cars are marketed via franchised dealers throughout the world, and as of November 2012, China was the largest market.Most Bentley cars are assembled with the Crewe factory, but a small amount of Continental Flying Spurs are assembled with the factory in Dresden, Germany. Bodies for the Continental are manufactured in Zwickau, Germany.Bentley won the twenty four hours of Le Mans with 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, and 2003.
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Iconic Bentley models are the Bentley 4½ Litre, Bentley Speed Six, Bentley R Type Ls, Bentley Turbo R, and Bentley Arnage. As of 2015, Bentley produce the Ls Flying Spur, Continental GT, Bentley Bentayga and the Mulsanne.Rolls-Royce bought Bentley on the receivers in 1931 and subsequently sold it to help Vickers plc in 1980 while Rolls-Royce themselves went insolvent. In 1998, Vickers sold it to be able to Volkswagen AG. The sale included the vehicle designs, model nameplates, production and administrative amenities, the Spirit of Inspiration and Rolls-Royce grille shape trademarks, but not the rights towards the Rolls-Royce name or logo which might be owned by Rolls-Royce Holdings plc as well as were licensed to BMW AG.Before World War We, Walter Owen Bentley, and his brother, Horace Millner Bentley, sold French DFP vehicles in Cricklewood, North London, but W. O, as Walter was identified, always wanted to design and build her own cars. At the DFP manufacturing plant, in 1913, he noticed an lightweight aluminum paperweight and thought that aluminum could possibly be a suitable replacement regarding cast iron to fabricate lighter in weight pistons. The first Bentley aluminum pistons were fitted to Sopwith Camel aero engines during World War My partner and i.In August 1919, W. O. registered Bentley Motors Ltd. and in October he exhibited an auto chassis, with dummy engine, at the London Electric motor Show. Ex-Royal Flying Corps police officer, Clive Gallop, designed an innovative several valves per cylinder engine to the chassis. By December the motor was built and working. Delivery of the first cars was scheduled regarding June 1920, but development took longer than estimated therefore the date was extended in order to September 1921. The durability of the primary Bentley cars earned widespread acclaim plus they competed in hill climbs and raced at Brooklands.Bentley's first major event was the 1922 Indianapolis 500, a race, dominated by specialized automobiles with Duesenberg racing framework. They entered a altered road car driven by means of works driver, Douglas Hawkes, accompanied by riding auto technician, H. S. "Bertie" Browning. Hawkes completed the full 500 miles and finished 13th with an average speed of 74. 95 mph after commencing in 19th position. The team was then rushed returning to England to compete inside 1922 RAC Tourist Trophy.Chief Woolf BarnatoIn ironic reference to his heavyweight boxer's visibility, Captain Woolf Barnato had been nicknamed "Babe". In 1925, he acquired his first Bentley, a 3-litre. With this car they won numerous Brooklands events. Just a year later on he acquired the Bentley organization itself.The Bentley enterprise seemed to be always underfunded, but inspired by your 1924 Le Mans get by John Duff as well as Frank Clement, Barnato agreed to fund Bentley's business. Barnato had incorporated Baromans Ltd throughout 1922, which existed as the finance and investment automobile. Via Baromans, Barnato initially invested well over £100, 000, saving the business and it is workforce. A financial reorganisation in the original Bentley company was performed and all existing creditors paid off for £75, 000. Existing shares were devalued by £1 each to simply just 1 shilling, or 5% or their original value. Barnato held 149, 500 of the completely new shares giving him control of the company and he evolved into chairman. Barnato injected further cash in to the business: £35, 000 secured by debenture with July 1927; £40, 000 in 1928; £25, 000 in 1929. With renewed financial enter, W. O. Bentley was able to design another generation of automobiles.
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This Bentley Boys were several British motoring enthusiasts in which included Woolf Barnato, Sir Henry "Tim" Birkin, steeple chaser George Duller, aviator Glen Kidston, automotive journalist S. C. H. "Sammy" Davis, and Dr Dudley Benjafield. The Bentley Boys, favored Bentley cars. Many were independently wealthy and infrequently had a military qualifications. They kept the marque's reputation for good performance alive; Bentley was noted to its four consecutive victories at the 24 Hours of The Mans from 1927 to be able to 1930.In 1929, Tim Birkin developed the particular 4½ litre, lightweight Blower Bentley from Welwyn Garden City as well as produced five racing special offers, starting with Bentley Blower No. 1 which was optimised to the Brooklands racing circuit. Birkin overruled W. O. and put the model in the marketplace before it was entirely developed. As a result, it was unreliable.
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In March 1930, during the Blue Train Races, Woolf Barnato raised the particular stakes on Rover and it is Rover Light Six, having raced and outdone Le Train Bleu for the 1st time, to better that record regarding his 6½-litre Bentley Speed Six over a bet of £100. He drove against the train from Cannes for you to Calais, then by ferry to be able to Dover, and finally London, travelling on public highways, and won.
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Barnato owned his H. J. Mulliner-bodied formal saloon inside the race against the Azure Train. Two months later, on 21 May 1930, he took delivery of your Speed Six with more efficient fastback "Sportsman Coupé" by simply Gurney Nutting. Both cars became often known as the "Blue Train Bentleys"; the latter is regularly mistaken for, or erroneously referred to as being, the car that competed the Blue Train, while in fact Barnato referred to as it in memory associated with his race. [19][20] A painting through Terence Cuneo depicts this Gurney Nutting coupé racing along a road parallel towards the Blue Train, which scenario never occurred since the road and railway wouldn't follow the same option.
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